2 ~Jerdon’s Courser~

More about 2 ~Jerdon’s Courser~

**Jerdon’s Courser (Rhinoptilus bitorquatus)
(Locally called “Kakawah” in parts of India)

Description:
Jerdon’s Courser is a small, nocturnal bird known for its cryptic plumage that blends perfectly with the sandy riverbeds and scrublands of southern India. Its brownish body with buff and black streaks makes it almost invisible against the dry earth, a trait that once helped it survive but now makes it extremely hard to find. It was first discovered by the British naturalist T.C. Jerdon in the 1840s, thought to be extinct for over a century, and then rediscovered in 1986- one of the most remarkable rediscoveries in bird conservation.

Scientific Name: Rhinoptilus bitorquatus

Average Size: About 27 cm (10.6 inches) long

Habitat: Sparse, thorny scrub jungle and dry riverine plains in Andhra Pradesh, India - particularly around the Pennar River basin.

Diet: Insects and small invertebrates that it hunts on the ground at night.

Conservation Status: Critically Endangered (IUCN Red List)

Population: Fewer than 250 mature individuals are believed to survive.

Major Threats:

Rapid habitat loss due to agriculture and infrastructure expansion

Human disturbance and night-time cattle grazing

Mining and quarrying near its limited range


Role in Nature:

As an insect-eater, the Jerdon’s Courser helps maintain ecological balance by controlling insect populations in its fragile dry scrub ecosystem.

Fun Fact:

Because of its extreme rarity and nocturnal habits, it is sometimes called “India’s phantom bird.” Birdwatchers spend years searching for it, and its rediscovery remains one of the most inspiring stories in Indian ornithology.

2025 October 30